菜鸟笔记
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reactor百万连接的并发-ag真人游戏

lt,recvbuff中有数据就一直触发;

et,recvbuff中收到数据,只触发一次。如果recvbuff中数据没有读完,不会再次触发,当recvbuff中收到新的数据时,再次触发。也就是收到一个包,只触发一次。比如客户端发送32byte的包,服务器只recv了10byte的数据,那么epoll不会再次触发,等到下一次客户端再发送32byte的数据,epoll会再一次触发。对于et,对于recv,最好是一个循环的读,直到读完,返回-1。

所以lt适合用于大包,数据没读完会一直触发;et适合小包,只触发一次,需要应用程序循环把数据读完。

et模式下,sendbuff从不可发送到可发送,只触发一次。

send的情况,如果sendbuff一直为空,如果用et,epoll会一直触发吗?

测试过,只会触发一次。

哪些场景使用水平触发?

  1. 小数据,使用边沿触发
  2. 数据块,数据量比较大使用水平触发。防止一次性接收不完。

listenfd用水平触发,如果多个client同时连接进来,listenfd里面积攒多个连接的话,accept一次只处理一个连接,防止漏掉连接,选择水平触发。

水平触发和边沿触发分界点,recv的buffer_length如果一次能接收完recv buffer中的数据,就是小数据,一次接收不完就是大数据

reactor怎么存储100万个event

使用reactor实现百万并发连接的服务器,需要考虑event怎么保存,怎样分配内存, 存储百万级别的event。

数据结构设计

利用fd是递增的特性,可以设计成下面的结构。这样做可扩展性非常好,reactor存储的event数量不受限制。

typedef struct _eventblock {
  
    struct _eventblock *next;
    nevent *events; // 每一个block 1024个event
} eventblock;
typedef struct _nreactor {
  
    int epfd;
    int blkcnt;
    eventblock *evblk;
} nreactor;

代码实现

通过fd,可以计算得出相应的eventblock位置,以及event在该eventblock中的相应位置。之前代码中所有使用reactor->events的都需要做相应的修改。

nevent *nreactor_idx(nreactor *reactor, int sockfd) {
  
    int blkidx = sockfd / max_epoll_events;
    while (blkidx >= reactor->blkcnt) {
  
        nreactor_alloc(reactor);
    }
    
    int i = 0;
    eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
    while (i   < blkidx && blk != null) {
  
        blk = blk->next;
    }
    
    return &blk->events[sockfd % max_epoll_events];
}

reactor初始化时,也需要相应的申请eventblock内存,以及events

int nreactor_alloc(nreactor *reactor) {
  
    if (reactor == null) return -1;
    if (reactor->evblk == null) return -1;
    eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
    while (blk->next != null) {
  
        blk = blk->next;
    }
    nevent *evs = (nevent *)malloc(max_epoll_events * sizeof(nevent));
    if (evs == null) {
  
        perror("nreactor_alloc malloc events failed");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(evs, 0, max_epoll_events * sizeof(nevent));
    eventblock *block = (eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(eventblock));
    if (block == null) {
  
        perror("nreactor_alloc malloc block failed");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(block, 0, sizeof(eventblock));
    block->events = evs;
    block->next = null;
    blk->next = block;
    reactor->blkcnt  ;
    return 0;
}

完整代码

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#define buffer_length       1024
#define max_epoll_events    1024
#define server_port         9105
#define port_count          100
typedef int (*ncallback)(int fd, void *arg);
typedef struct _nevent {
  
    int fd;
    int events;
    void *arg;
    ncallback callback;
    int status; // whether fd is in epoll now.
    char buffer[buffer_length];
    int length;
} nevent;
typedef struct _eventblock {
  
    struct _eventblock *next;
    nevent *events; // 每一个block 1024个event
} eventblock;
typedef struct _nreactor {
  
    int epfd;
    int blkcnt;
    eventblock *evblk;
} nreactor;
int recv_cb(int client_fd, void *arg);
int send_cb(int client_fd, void *arg);
int accept_cb(int listen_fd, void *arg);
nevent *nreactor_idx(nreactor *reactor, int sockfd);
int init_sock(unsigned short port) {
  
    int listen_fd = socket(af_inet, sock_stream, 0);
    fcntl(listen_fd, f_setfl, o_nonblock);
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = af_inet;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(inaddr_any);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
    bind(listen_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    if (listen(listen_fd, 20) < 0) {
  
        perror("listen");
    }
    return listen_fd;
}
int nreactor_alloc(nreactor *reactor) {
  
    if (reactor == null) return -1;
    if (reactor->evblk == null) return -1;
    eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
    while (blk->next != null) {
  
        blk = blk->next;
    }
    nevent *evs = (nevent *)malloc(max_epoll_events * sizeof(nevent));
    if (evs == null) {
  
        perror("nreactor_alloc malloc events failed");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(evs, 0, max_epoll_events * sizeof(nevent));
    eventblock *block = (eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(eventblock));
    if (block == null) {
  
        perror("nreactor_alloc malloc block failed");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(block, 0, sizeof(eventblock));
    block->events = evs;
    block->next = null;
    blk->next = block;
    reactor->blkcnt  ;
    return 0;
}
int nreactor_init(nreactor *reactor) {
  
    if (reactor == null)  return -1;
    memset(reactor, 0, sizeof(nreactor));
    reactor->epfd = epoll_create(1);
    if (reactor->epfd < 0) {
  
        perror("epoll_create");
        return -2;
    }
    nevent *evs = (nevent *)malloc(max_epoll_events * sizeof(nevent));
    if (evs == null) {
  
        perror("nreactor_init malloc events failed");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(evs, 0, max_epoll_events * sizeof(nevent));
    eventblock *block = (eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(eventblock));
    if (block == null) {
  
        perror("nreactor_init malloc block failed");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(block, 0, sizeof(eventblock));
    block->events = evs;
    block->next = null;
    reactor->evblk = block;
    reactor->blkcnt = 1;
    return 0;
}
int nreactor_destroy(nreactor *reactor) {
  
    close(reactor->epfd);
    
    eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
    eventblock *blk_next = null;
    while (blk != null) {
  
        blk_next = blk->next;
        free(blk->events);
        free(blk);
        blk = blk_next;
    }
    return 0;
}
void nreactor_event_set(nevent *ev, int fd, ncallback callback, void *arg) {
  
    ev->fd = fd;
    ev->callback = callback;
    ev->arg = arg;
    ev->events = 0;
}
int nreactor_event_add(int epfd, nevent *ev, int events) {
  
    struct epoll_event ep_ev = {
  0, {
  0}};
    ep_ev.events = ev->events = events;
    ep_ev.data.ptr = ev;
    int op;
    if (ev->status == 1) {
  
        op = epoll_ctl_mod;
    } else {
  
        ev->status = 1;
        op = epoll_ctl_add;
    }
    if (epoll_ctl(epfd, op, ev->fd, &ep_ev) < 0) {
  
        perror("epoll_ctl");
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}
int nreactor_event_del(int epfd, nevent *ev) {
  
    struct epoll_event ep_ev = {
  0, {
  0}};
    
    if (ev->status != 1) {
  
        return -1;
    }
    ev->status = 0;
    epoll_ctl(epfd, epoll_ctl_del, ev->fd, null);
    return 0;
}
int recv_cb(int client_fd, void *arg) {
  
    nreactor *reactor = (nreactor *)arg;
    if (reactor == null) return -1;
    nevent *ev = nreactor_idx(reactor, client_fd);
    int len = recv(client_fd, ev->buffer, buffer_length, 0);
    nreactor_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
    if (len > 0) {
  
        ev->length = len;
        ev->buffer[len] = '\0';
        printf("client_fd[%d]:%s\n", client_fd, ev->buffer);
        nreactor_event_set(ev, client_fd, send_cb, reactor);
        nreactor_event_add(reactor->epfd, ev, epollout);
    } else if (len == 0) {
  
        close(client_fd);
        // printf("[client_fd=%d] pos[%ld], closed\n", client_fd, ev - reactor->events);
    } else {
  
        close(client_fd);
        perror("recv");
    }
    return len;
}
int send_cb(int client_fd, void *arg) {
  
    nreactor *reactor = (nreactor *)arg;
    if (reactor == null) return -1;
    nevent *ev = nreactor_idx(reactor, client_fd);
    int len = send(client_fd, ev->buffer, ev->length, 0);
    nreactor_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
    if (len > 0) {
  
        printf("send[client_fd=%d], [%d]%s\n", client_fd, len, ev->buffer);
        nreactor_event_set(ev, client_fd, recv_cb, reactor);
        nreactor_event_add(reactor->epfd, ev, epollin);
    } else {
  
        close(ev->fd);
        perror("send");
    }
    return len;
}
int accept_cb(int listen_fd, void *arg) {
  
    nreactor *reactor = (nreactor *)arg;
    if (reactor == null) return -1;
    struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
    socklen_t len = sizeof(client_addr);
    int client_fd = accept(listen_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &len);
    if (client_fd < 0) {
  
        perror("accept");
        return -1;
    }
    int flag = fcntl(client_fd, f_setfl, o_nonblock);
    if (flag < 0) {
  
        perror("fcntl");
        return -2;
    }
    nevent *ev = nreactor_idx(reactor, client_fd);
    nreactor_event_set(ev, client_fd, recv_cb, reactor);
    nreactor_event_add(reactor->epfd, ev, epollin);
    printf("new connect [%s:%d], client_fd[%d]\n", 
        inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port), client_fd);
}
nevent *nreactor_idx(nreactor *reactor, int sockfd) {
  
    int blkidx = sockfd / max_epoll_events;
    while (blkidx >= reactor->blkcnt) {
  
        nreactor_alloc(reactor);
    }
    
    int i = 0;
    eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
    while (i   < blkidx && blk != null) {
  
        blk = blk->next;
    }
    
    return &blk->events[sockfd % max_epoll_events];
}
int nreactor_addlistener(nreactor *reactor, int listen_fd, ncallback accept_cb) {
  
    if (reactor == null || reactor->evblk == null) {
  
        return -1;
    }
    nevent *event = nreactor_idx(reactor, listen_fd);
    nreactor_event_set(event, listen_fd, accept_cb, reactor);
    nreactor_event_add(reactor->epfd, event, epollin);
    return 0;
}
int nreactor_run(nreactor *reactor) {
  
    if (reactor == null) return -1;
    if (reactor->evblk == null) return -1;
    struct epoll_event events[max_epoll_events];
    while (1) {
  
        int nready = epoll_wait(reactor->epfd, events, max_epoll_events, 1000);
        if (nready < 0) {
  
            perror("epoll_wait");
            continue;
        }
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < nready; i  ) {
  
            nevent *ev = (nevent *)events[i].data.ptr;
            if ((events[i].events & epollin) && (ev->events & epollin)) {
  
                ev->callback(ev->fd, ev->arg); 
            }
            if ((events[i].events & epollout) && (ev->events & epollout)) {
  
                ev->callback(ev->fd, ev->arg);
            }
        }
    }
}
#if 1
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  
    unsigned short port = server_port;
    if (argc == 2) {
  
        port = atoi(argv[1]);
    }
    nreactor *reactor = (nreactor *)malloc(sizeof(nreactor));
    nreactor_init(reactor);
    int i = 0;
    int listen_fds[port_count] = {
  0};
    for (i = 0; i < port_count; i  ) {
  
        listen_fds[i] = init_sock(port   i);
        nreactor_addlistener(reactor, listen_fds[i], accept_cb);
    }
    
    nreactor_run(reactor);
    nreactor_destroy(reactor);
    for (i = 0; i < port_count; i  ) {
  
        close(listen_fds[i]);
    }
    free(reactor);
    return 0;
}
#endif

服务器端修改配置

修改ulimit

# /etc/security/limits.conf
* hard nofile 1048576
* soft nofile 1048576

修改file-max

# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max
fs.file-max = 1048576

修改nf_conntrack_max

# /etc/sysctl.conf
# cat /proc/sys/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_max
# sysctl -p
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 1048576

修改tcp_wmem, tcp_rmem

如果服务器的内存不够,为了测试,修改一下wmem和rmem,即将sendbuff、recvbuff改小,单位是byte。测试后,记得还原回去。

# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_wmem
# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 512 512 1024
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 512 512 1024

修改tcp_mem

tcp_mem是tcp协议栈的大小,单位是页,一页4k

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# sysctl -p
# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_mem
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 757596 1010128 1515192

测试结果

最后只到61w多,四台机器,每个都是4核16g。

跑到50w左右的时候,连接处理的速度就比较慢了。

server:

client:

  1. 大量客户端连到服务器,要使连接的处理速度更快,可以把100个listenfd放在不同的线程

可以通过一个线程一个reactor来实现。每个线程一个reactor,对应一个listenfd。

  1. 如果服务器只监听一个端口,怎么做?开进程

一个master进程,多个worker进程。通过加accept锁来决定由那个worker进行处理该连接。

  1. 可以把listenfd和clientfd放到不同的线程里面。

可以看下libevent/redis的reactor, 将listenfd和clientfd,使用不同的线程进行处理。

开一个worker线程,main线程处理accept,worker线程处理clientfd。main线程可以使用poll。

单线程,libevent/redis

多线程,memcached,每个线程一个epoll_wait

多进程,nginx

我们实现的reactor是个单线程的,100个listenfd都在一个线程里,如果想要性能更高,可以把100个listenfd放在不同的线程里面。

3个思考问题:

1)reactor怎么使用多线程,比如listen 10个端口,怎么做到每个端口(listenfd)一个线程?

每个线程一个reactor,对应一个listenfd

2)服务器一般只监听一个port,比如8888,怎么解决?可以通过开进程解决。

怎么做到多个进程listen一个端口?

nginx的ag真人游戏的解决方案

3)如何做到listenfd和clientfd在不同的线程?

一个main线程,一个worker线程。main线程负责listen,处理连接;worker线程负责处理clientfd。

listen的backlog参数,linux系统上指的是accpt队列长度;unix系统上是sync accept队列长度。

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